Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) Certification Practice Test

Which leadership theory asserts that anyone trained can be a leader?

1. Transformational theory

2. Contingency theory

3. Functional theory

4. Situational theory

The correct answer is: Functional theory

Functional theory posits that leadership is characterized by specific functions or roles that can be learned and developed over time. This theory emphasizes that individuals who are trained can acquire the necessary skills and behaviors to effectively lead others, suggesting that leadership is less about inherent traits and more about the ability to perform certain functions within a group. The other leadership theories focus on different aspects of leadership. Transformational theory is centered on the leader's ability to inspire and motivate followers through vision and change, relying heavily on charisma and emotional connection rather than learned functions. Contingency theory emphasizes the context and environment in which leadership occurs, suggesting that the effectiveness of a leader can vary based on circumstances rather than being universally applicable through training. Situational theory also focuses on adapting leadership styles to different situations, requiring an understanding of when to use specific approaches rather than assuming anyone trained can lead in any context. Therefore, functional theory aligns best with the belief that training allows individuals to become effective leaders by mastering the necessary functions.