Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) Certification Practice Test

What major concept is Mayo known for in management?

1. Classical Theory of management

2. Scientific Management

3. The Human Relations School of management

4. Behavioral Management Theory

The correct answer is: The Human Relations School of management

Mayo is primarily recognized for his contributions to the Human Relations School of management, which emphasizes the importance of human factors in the workplace. This perspective emerged from Mayo's research, particularly the Hawthorne Studies conducted in the 1920s and 1930s, which demonstrated that employees' productivity is influenced not only by physical conditions and economic incentives but also by social relationships and a sense of belonging within the workplace. The Human Relations School posits that understanding employees' needs and fostering positive interpersonal relationships are crucial for enhancing worker motivation, satisfaction, and ultimately productivity. Mayo's work highlighted that attention to employees' psychological and social needs leads to improved morale and encourages a more cooperative work environment. In contrast, other concepts like Classical Theory and Scientific Management focus more on efficiency, structure, and task optimization rather than the social aspects of work. Behavioral Management Theory, while overlapping with some of Mayo’s ideas about human behavior in organizations, does not encapsulate the specific focus on interpersonal relationships and social dynamics that characterizes Mayo's contributions.