Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) Certification Practice Test

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What is a structural type of organization characterized by specific functions such as marketing or finance?

Divisional
Geographical
Functional
Matrix

The correct answer is: Functional

A structural type of organization characterized by specific functions such as marketing or finance is known as a functional structure. In a functional organization, tasks and responsibilities are grouped based on specialized functions, which allows for greater efficiency and expertise within each area. For example, in a functional organization, employees who specialize in marketing would collaborate within one department, while those who focus on finance, human resources, or production would work in their respective departments. This clear distinction enables organizations to streamline processes, improve operational efficiency, and foster professional development within specific areas of expertise. This approach contrasts with other organizational types, such as divisional, where the structure is based on products or services, and matrix systems, which blend functional and divisional structures by creating dual reporting lines. A geographical structure, on the other hand, organizes teams based on locations, addressing regional markets but lacking the same level of specialization found in functional structures.