Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) Certification Practice Test

In Herzberg's theory, what are the two classes of factors affecting motivation?

1. Maslow's and McGregor's factors

2. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors

3. Hygiene factors and motivating factors

4. Performance factors and reward factors

The correct answer is: Hygiene factors and motivating factors

Herzberg's theory, also known as the two-factor theory, posits that there are two distinct classes of factors that influence job satisfaction and motivation: hygiene factors and motivating factors. Hygiene factors, such as salary, company policies, working conditions, and relationships with coworkers, do not inherently motivate employees but can lead to dissatisfaction if not adequately addressed. These factors are essential to ensure that employees do not become unhappy at work. On the other hand, motivating factors are those that lead to higher levels of motivation and can enhance job satisfaction. These include elements such as achievement, recognition, the work itself, responsibility, and opportunities for personal growth. Understanding the distinction between these two categories is crucial for employers seeking to improve employee motivation and satisfaction. By addressing hygiene factors to prevent dissatisfaction and enhancing motivating factors to foster engagement, organizations can create a more motivated workforce.